香港六合彩开奖结果现场直播 SSC Groupers and Wrasses Specialist Group
Overview and description
Description:
Group leadership
Dr Yvonne SADOVY
More about the Specialist Group听
Groupers and Wrasses and relatives are among the most highly valued of all reef-associated fishes. Many species are targeted heavily for human consumption in domestic and, increasingly international, trade for food and as marine ornamentals throughout much of their geographic ranges. Few grouper fisheries are effectively managed.
The aim of establishing this Specialist Group was to bring together a small, active, group of specialists, spanning biology, fisheries management, socio-economics, research and conservation, to understand more about their fisheries and conservation status and help to advance protective agendas. Many of the species are data-poor despite their importance for food and trade. Actions include a focus of attention on vulnerable life history stages, such as spawning aggregations or nursery areas, and promotion of measures to safeguard critical habitat and reproductive capacity. Ongoing species-specific work includes a focus on three threatened species: Nassau grouper, Epinephelus striatus; Goliath grouper, E. itajara, both of the tropical western Atlantic, and the CITES II listed Humphead (= Napoleon) wrasse, Cheilinus undulatus, of the Indo-Pacific.听
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MISSION
Promote the conservation and science-based management of groupers and wrasses and their relatives, to enhance awareness of the vulnerability of these fishes and to safeguard the habitat on which they depend. The GWSG works with groupers and wrasses and their relatives (Families: Epinephelidae; Serranidae; Labridae; Scaridae).
Specialist Group work
Understand threats to Groupers and Wrasses
Groupers and wrasses are largely dependent on rocky and coral reefs. Many are long-lived and slow-growing with low population replacement rates. Without adequate management most populations can only withstand light levels of fishing pressure. Their high value and desireability for food makes them a particularly appealing target. Fishing is directed directed towards both adults and juveniles and in many places is not sustainable.
Many the larger species of groupers and wrasses aggregate to spawn for short periods and at a few specific locations each year. Since these are the only times they are known to reproduce the practice of targeting spawning aggregations, both in the western tropical Atlantic and the Indo-Pacific, is considered to be a particularly acute threat. These aggregations are vulnerable bottlenecks in the life history of many species and need to be protected or managed. 听
To inform conservation efforts, GWSG assesses species for the 香港六合彩开奖结果现场直播 Red List of Threatened Species.
Annual Report
Learn about GWSG鈥檚 work and results in 2023.
Previous reports:
The Goliath Grouper, Epinephelus itajara, of the Western Tropical Atlantic and Caribbean shown during a spawning aggregation off Florida, US. This largest of all reef fishes was reassessed as Vulnerable; a non-genuine status change from the initial assessment of Critically Endangered, which reflects an improved application of the 香港六合彩开奖结果现场直播 Red List Categories and Criteria. There is a premature move to open up its fishery in Florida in the absence of supportive scientific data.
Photo: Walt Stearns
Large adult Napoleon (Humphead) wrasse in French Polynesia.
Photo: Allen To
Vulnerable Camouflage Grouper (Epinephelus polyphekadion) in spawning aggregation.
Photo: Yvonne Sadovy
Hong Kong Grouper (Epinephelus akaara). Photo by Stanley Shea
Photo: Stanley Shea
Dusky Grouper (Epinephelus marginatus) post larva -for size comparison note the shrimp Palaemon elegans and the blenny Parablennius parvicornis. Photo by Jo茫o Pedro Barreiros
Photo: Jo茫o Pedro Barreiros
