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CCAfa volunteers reported the cases to local authorities, Photo by WANG Jianmin

The Oriental stork (Ciconia boyciana) is one of China’s first-class nationally protected animals, listed as an Endangered Species in the Ïã¸ÛÁùºÏ²Ê¿ª½±½á¹ûÏÖ³¡Ö±²¥ Red List of Threatened Species. The coastal city of Tianjin is an important wintering ground for these birds. According to a survey by the Community Conservation Area (CCAfa) volunteers of China Biodiversity Conservation and Green Development Foundation (CBCGDF) in Tianjin, the population of oriental storks has increased significantly in 2020. In fact, approximately 5,000 of these birds have been spotted wintering in the area, more than doubled from last year. Some media reports attributed the exceptional growth of the birds to the improvement of the local environment, however, CCAfa volunteers in the field disagree with these reports for the following reasons:

1) The species experienced food shortage and human-bird conflicts. The water levels of Beidagang and Qilihai Wetlands (both are Protected Areas, PAs) in Tianjin are too high for these birds to feed.

When the oriental storks can’t find food in the PAs, they fly to the surrounding fish ponds run by local farmers. The farmers use firecrackers to scare the birds away as they feed on the fishes in those ponds. Three oriental storks were found injured by the volunteers, from collisions with high-voltage power-lines while escaping in panic. Two of them died, and one survived with a broken wing.

Oriental Storks in a rented pond of Tianjin.ÌýPublic donated to support the CCAfa volunteers and a pond has been rented for the storks to stay and feed.

2) Suspected poisoning. The first flock of oriental storks arrived in Tianjin in late October 2020. Since then, the volunteers have been patrolling the area, day and night, over the past two months till the storks leave to their next migration stop-over. A total of 33 suspected cases of poisoning of oriental storks were found by the volunteers. Only one survived as a result of rescue. These incidents have been reported to the proper authorities.

Oriental Stork suspected of poisoning

3) Poaching activities. A stork was found wounded with its leg caught in a trap. [i] The stork has finally been released to nature on December 27^th after being taken care of by the volunteers.[ii][iii]

A trapped oriental stork rescued by CCAfa volunteers, photo by Wang Jianmin

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Solid conservation plans are needed to better protect these endangered bird species. Possible suggestions are listed below:

a) Oriental storks should be clearly prioritized as the main protected species by the administrations of Qilihai and Beidagang Wetlands (Tianjin), and Caofeidian Wetlands (Tangshan).

b) Carry out epidemiological studies to identify the causes of death of the oriental storks. The deaths, which are considered exceptional by experts, has been reported by TVs and newspapers. The general public has been calling for a thorough investigation to the causes of these deaths. Authorities designated several institutes to carry out laboratory analyses. The outcome of these analyses, however, were not consistent with the observations of the volunteers in the field, who reported these cases.[iv] The CBCGDF, in cooperation with some researchers, have requested additional examinations of the bodies of the birds, but the request has not yet been approved by the local government.[v]

c) Effective conservation partnershipÌýand improved conservation strategies are needed. Conservation partnership, a platform that facilitates the dialogue among stakeholders, is needed to improve the conservation of endangered species. A long-term public participation mechanism should be in place to ensure the effectiveness of PAs, and the building of an ecological civilization.

d) Establishment of ecological compensation policies. The volunteers’ conservation efforts received support from public donations, which are used to rent a fish-pond for the 5,000 storks to feed. But this is only a temporary solution. To reduce the human-wildlife conflicts, proper compensations should be implemented by the government to the farmers for their losses caused by the feeding birds.

We thank CCAfa volunteers and Dr Sara Platto for their contribution to this article.

Heartbroken CCAfa volunteer in field checking a oriental stork. Photo by WANG Jianmin

[i] Ziniu News: A Stork Flies with a Trap, and Volunteers Stay in Wild for 3 days to Save it (2020-12-11)

[ii] CBCGDF: Tianjin CBCGDF CCAfa volunteers successfully released two rescued Oriental White Storks (2020-12-31)

[iii] CCTV: The Wounded and Amputated Oriental Stork Returned to its Team Smoothly (2020-12-28)

[iv] CCTV: The cause of death of 31 Oriental white storks in Tianjin has been found and man-made poisoning has been ruled out (2020-12-4)

[v] CBCGDF: Calling for additional examinations to the death of the oriental white storks (2020-12-29)

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